'Incite' = to urge/encourage wrongdoing. Synonym: 'Instigate'.

'Honorary' = unpaid/without salary. Antonym: 'Salaried'.

'Ability' is noun. Verb form = 'Enable' = to make able.

'For Whom the Bell Tolls' (1940) is a novel by Ernest Hemingway set during the Spanish Civil War.

'Assure somebody of something' is the correct prepositional structure.

Sentences expressing wish or prayer = Optative Sentence.

'Rolling' modifies 'stone' (noun) → present participle used as adjective.

Present perfect + specific point of time → 'since'. 'Friday last' is a point of time.

'Beautiful' is adjective. Noun form = 'Beauty'.

'Hold water' = to be sound/logical when scrutinized = 'bear examination'.

'Out and out' = completely/thoroughly.

'The rich' = plural common noun → plural verb 'are'.

'Hanged' = past participle of 'hang' in context of execution. 'Hunged' is not a word.

Syntax = rules governing sentence structure/building.

The famous quote is attributed to British PM William Ewart Gladstone.