'Enable' is the verb form. 'Able' is adjective 'ableness'/'ably' are noun/adverb.

'Once in a blue moon' = very infrequently or rarely.

'Hold water' = be sound and logical; stand up to scrutiny.

A proverb stating a fact = assertive (declarative) sentence.

'The Rape of the Lock' is a famous mock-heroic poem satirizing a high-society quarrel.

A sycophant = a servile flatterer who seeks advantage through flattery.

Epic Comic and Tragic are poetic traditions. 'The Occult' is a subject matter not a literary form.

Euphemism = mild indirect expression used instead of a blunt/harsh one (e.g. 'passed away' for 'died').

A pilgrim journeys to a sacred/holy place for religious reasons.

'Media' is plural of 'medium'. Crisis→crises formula→formulae index→indices.

'Hanged' is used for execution by hanging. 'Hung' for all other contexts.

When child's gender is unspecified neuter possessive 'its' is traditionally used.

'Gentle' = kind and mild. 'Rude' = impolite — the best antonym for social behavior.

'Cattle' refers to a group of animals — collective noun.

'Girl' refers to any girl in general (not a specific one) — common noun.

'A lot of' = standard quantifier for countable nouns. Other options are grammatically incorrect.

'that' or 'which' refers to things (the book). 'whom' for people 'whose' for possession.

Zero conditional: 'if' introduces the condition for a scientific fact.

'who told you that' is a correct noun clause as object of 'Tell me'.

'As soon as' + past simple + past simple for two sequential past actions.